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Research

Areas of research on how authority is built, taxed and contested in conflict and across borders, grounded in long-term fieldwork.

Research approach

Fieldwork-led and comparative.

Long-term field research connects local experience to wider political and economic systems.

How armed groups govern, how civilians navigate their rule, and how engagement with them works.

How armed groups and states tax, trade and control movement, from checkpoints to smuggling routes.

How authority is recognised, tolerated and contested in everyday life.

How dialogue, mediation and engagement open pathways out of conflict.

Reflections on work and field research in conflict settings.